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The attachment between the people of Harar and hyenas dates back over 500 years. The old wall of Harar, which encircles the historic city, has small entrances specifically designed for hyenas. These entrances allowed hyenas to enter the city at night to scavenge, helping to keep the streets clean. This early coexistence laid the foundation for the unique relationship that exists today.
The hyena feeding tradition as we know it is believed to have started in the early 20th century when a devastating famine struck the region. During this time, hyenas, which are typically scavengers, began venturing closer to human settlements in search of food. The residents of Harar, rather than viewing these nocturnal visitors as threats, started feeding them to prevent attacks on livestock and people. This pragmatic relationship between humans and hyenas evolved into a nightly ritual that continues to this day.
Every evening, as dusk falls over Harar, the city comes alive with the anticipation of the hyena feeding ceremony. The hyena men, local individuals who have inherited the responsibility of feeding the hyenas, prepare for their nightly encounter with these wild animals. Armed with baskets of meat scraps and bones, they venture to the outskirts of the city, calling out to the hyenas with distinctive whooping sounds.
The hyenas, familiar with the routine, emerge from the shadows and approach cautiously. What follows is a mesmerizing interaction between man and beast, a dance of trust and understanding. The hyena men feed the hyenas by hand, often holding pieces of meat between their teeth for the hyenas to take. This display of fearlessness and mutual respect is a testament to the unique bond that has formed between the people of Harar and these often-misunderstood creatures.
In addition to the nightly feeding ritual, Harar has a special tradition associated with the Hijra calendar New Year. On this occasion, the hyena men prepare a special porridge for the hyenas. This porridge, made from a blend of grains and other ingredients, is offered to the hyenas in a symbolic act. The belief is that if the hyenas eat more than half of the porridge, it signifies that the upcoming year will be a prosperous and fortunate one for the community.
The hyena feeding ritual of Harar is not merely a tourist attraction; it holds deep cultural and spiritual significance for the local community. Here are some of the key reasons why this tradition endures:
Feeding the hyenas is seen as a way to maintain harmony between humans and wildlife. By providing food, the residents of Harar believe they can prevent hyenas from attacking their livestock or causing harm. This symbiotic relationship ensures the safety and well-being of both the community and the hyenas.
The tradition of hyena feeding is an integral part of Harar's cultural heritage. It is a practice that has been passed down through generations, preserving the history and identity of the city. For the people of Harar, the ritual is a living link to their past and a source of communal pride.
In Harari culture, hyenas are often regarded as spiritual beings with the power to ward off evil spirits. Feeding the hyenas is believed to bring blessings and protection to the community. The hyena men, in particular, are seen as having a special connection to these animals, acting as intermediaries between the human and spiritual worlds.
In recent years, the hyena feeding ritual has gained international attention, drawing tourists from around the world to witness this unique spectacle. This influx of visitors has provided economic benefits to the local community, creating jobs and boosting the local economy. The tradition has thus adapted to serve both cultural and economic purposes.
The hyena feeding culture of Harar is a powerful symbol of coexistence between humans and wildlife. It challenges the conventional perception of hyenas as mere scavengers or threats, highlighting their role in the delicate balance of nature. This tradition also underscores the importance of respecting and understanding the natural world, fostering a sense of stewardship and responsibility.
The hyena feeding ritual of Harar is more than a nightly spectacle; it is a living tradition that encapsulates the history, culture, and spiritual beliefs of the Harari people. By feeding the hyenas, the residents of Harar have created a unique bond that showcases the potential for harmony between humans and wildlife. As you explore the ancient streets of Harar and witness this extraordinary ritual, you will be reminded of the profound connections that can exist between different species, and the enduring power of cultural heritage.
For those interested in experiencing the hyena feeding ceremony firsthand, Jebena Tours offers guided tours to Harar, providing a deeper understanding of this fascinating tradition and its significance to the local community. Join us for an unforgettable journey into the heart of Ethiopia's rich cultural tapestry.
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